Exploring Research Designs and The Relationship to the Research Essay

Exploring Research Designs and The Relationship to the Research Question - Essay Example 3. Provide an example of the hypothesis for the study. 4. Write a 750-word paper including the research question and design, and explain why the research design is appropriate for the research question. 5. Identify the research design as correlational, quasi-experimental, or experimental, and defend your choice using a critical approach including cited references. 6. Provide an example of how you could change the research question to use a different research design. Topic: Exploring Research Designs and The Relationship to the Research Question Exploring relationship between research design and the research question By The present study aims to explore the linkage between the research design and the research question. While â€Å"research is the discovery of answers to questions through the application of scientific and systematic procedures†; the research question asks what the tentative relationship among variables might be, or it asks about the state of nature of some pheno menon (Keyton, 2006). On the other hand, a research design can be viewed as somewhat like a master plan. It stipulates the methods and procedures that are to be adopted for collecting and analysing the necessary information for the research (Zikmund & Babin, 2007). A different perspective of research design was presented by Zikumnd & Babin (2007) – that the research design is somewhat like a master plan, which specifies the methods and procedures to be adopted for collecting and analysing the required information. The research problem Considering these definitions, the present work proceeds to develop a research question for a quantitative study on the relationship between one dependent variable ‘wage’ and three independent variables - (1) educational attainment, (2) skill (professional qualification) and (3) ability (experience). A variable is an element that is specifically identified in the research hypotheses or questions, necessitating to be expressed as mor e than one value or in various categories (Keyton, 2006). It is common wisdom that education benefits the individual, the nation and the society as well in many ways. While, the individual is benefitted in the form of increase wages and consequently a better lifestyle; the nation is benefitted in terms of increased taxes. The society too is benefitted as researchers have observed that college graduates have shown to have lower smoking rates, more positive perception towards personal health, and healthier lifestyles than the less educated (Baum & Ma, 2007). Overall the society is benefitted in the form of more responsible citizens, which is believed to be due to educational achievement. Whereas, these benefits generally delineate the qualitative characteristics of the issue, there is a need to know how educational attainment, professional qualification and experience influence the wages earned by an individual. The research question The study is significant and desirable and therefor e, it is worthwhile to undertake a research on the subject. Accordingly, the purpose of the study was to explore the correlation between

Franks Lordships In Syria's Diplomatic Landscape Essay

Franks Lordships In Syria's Diplomatic Landscape - Essay Example The most famous instances are to be found in Usama Ibn Mungidh’s, a Shayzar knight, memoirs. In detail, he describes the many pleasant encounters between the Frankish Lordships and the Muslims out of the battlefields, especially the templar order members. He betrays a sense of moral superiority and Islamic intellectual as instanced, by a polite refusal of an offer, to take Usama’s son to France for studies by a Frankish knight (Kohler, 2010: p76). However, the fact that this type of offer was developed in the first instance and the fact that Usama was not worried that the son would be converted is a telling item of evidence concerning the relationship texture. The Muslim natives, Usama included, knew the Frankish lordships well, visited major towns run by the crusaders, and entertained them often. Muslims of lower social classes, particularly the artisans and merchants, travelled to Frankish territories often for personal or professional reasons (Kohler, 2010: p79). Man y descriptions of Muslims from Frankish towns by the Muslim Arabs who visited them exist. While it is true that the first crusade was, in deed, an atrocious campaign, it was not very different to the usual permanent skirmishes that dominated Syria throughout the 11th century, continuing into the 12th century between the Muslims in Syria. Beyond the human, and quite friendly, relationships, the two groups maintained political alliances for long periods. The political alliance between the Frankish lordships of Antioch and Emirs Shayzar is the most celebrated of these alliances. The entente between the Latin kingdom in Jerusalem and the Atabeks in Damascus was important as... This paper stresses that As can be gleaned from the activities in the 12th century, better knowledge of others is not necessarily a beginning of sympathy; rather, it may breed contempt. It is not that the Muslim natives of this time were not aware of the crusade movement’s institutional aspect. Especially as the Pope’s role in its proclamation; indulgence that was promised to those who took part, recapturing Jerusalem as the main goal, and propaganda spread by monks and priests in Europe, as well as contributions made to maintain morale in the Syrian battles all pointed to this. However, all this is presented not to understand better the enemy but to create a religious zeal among the Muslim natives such as that which had been instilled in the crusaders. Therefore, Muslim leaders in Syria invoke the role of the Pope in many letters in this period asking for help in isolating the crusaders and the Frankish lordships in particular. This report makes a conclusion that the absence of any real dialogue between the Muslim natives and Frankish lordships was impressive; especially considering that there was continued disputes with Oriental Christians, which were held in public sometimes throughout the 12th century. The warfare climate that dominated relationships between Muslims and Franks was not conducive to any meaningful dialogue with the notion of superiority by the Franks also as much to blame as the same feelings harbored by Muslim natives. Indeed, at theological level, this diplomatic disconnect led to a lack of idea exchange.

Antigones Fate Essay -- Character Analysis Sophocles

Sophocles play titled Antigone, embellishes the opposing conflicts between Antigone who stands for the values of family, and Creon who stands for the values of state. Sophocles explores the depths of Antigone’s morality and the duty based on consequence throughout the play, as well as the practical consequences of Creon who is passionate and close-minded. Although Antigone’s moral decisions appear to be more logical and favorable than Creon’s, a personal argument would be that both characters’ decisions in society can be equally justified. In the play, Sophocles examines the nature of Antigone and Creon who have two different views about life, and use those views against one another. Antigone who is depicted as the hero represents the value of family. According to Richard Braun, translator of Sophocles Antigone, Antigone’s public heroism is domestically motivated: â€Å"never does [Antigone] give a political explanation of her deed; on the contrary, from the start [Antigone] assumes it is her hereditary duty to bury Polynices, and it is from inherited courage that [Antigone] expects to gain the strength required for the task† (8). Essentially, it is Antigone’s strong perception of family values that drive the instinct to disobey Creon’s orders and to willingly challenge the King’s authority to dictate her role in society. In addition, Antigone is a strong believer in the divine laws of the gods and that by following those laws the gods will give Antigone an honorable place in the afterlife. In a quote by Antigone to Ismene, â€Å"I will bury him myself. And even if I die in the act, that death will be a glory†¦I have longer to please the dead than please the living here† (Sophocles, 1468). It is this unyielding belief that pushe... ...es of family becomes disobedient against state laws posed by Creon, the king of Thebes, acknowledging that the deeds are moral and are seen by the gods as honorable. In the case for Creon, the character believed in the laws made by mortals, not the divine gods. Although Creon was the champion of upholding the state law, the tragic ending that occurred left Creon without anything else but the power of the throne. Works Cited Braun Emil Richard. Introduction. â€Å"Sophocles Antigone.† 7th ed. New York: Oxford UP, 1974. 8. Print. Peters, Julia. "A Theory Of Tragic Experience According To Hegel." European Journal Of Philosophy 19.1 (2011): 85-106. Academic Search Premier. Web. 9 May 2012. Sophocles. â€Å"Antigone.† The Bedford Introduction to Literature Reading, Thinking, Writing. 9th ed. Boston, MA: Bedford / St. Martins, 2011. 1279-280. Print.

Strategy To Achieve New Target Environmental Sciences Essay

The UK authorities late announced its ambitious renewable energy program which includes supplying 75 of the entire UK electricity supply through renewable energy beginnings. In line with its new mark on the renewable energy development, I strongly believe as the main executive of ‘Edinburgh Renewables ‘ ( ER ) that our legion experiences on air current farm undertakings will lend to accomplishing the given mark successfully. As such, this study will demo the authorities ‘s new renewable development program in 2025 and sketch an action program for ER to present 30 % of the new mark capacity. In add-on the study will analyze whether authorities part can assist ER towards accomplishing the given mark. Finally, steps to work out the intermittence of the air current resource will be recommended. 2. Renewable Energy Development Target Based on the authorities ‘s new renewable energy policy, ER has set up a new mark that aims to bring forth 30 % of the authorities ‘s new renewable mark capacity in 2025 ( 75 % of the entire electricity supply ) . This will be attained through using new coevals of offshore air current farms under our direction. The inside informations of the new marks on renewable energy development are outlined as follows: i Government Target in 2025 i Total Electricity Demand in 2025: 450TWh i Electricity Supply From Renewable Energy: 338TWh ( 75 % of entire demand ) i ER Target in 2025 i 30 % of Renewable Energy Development Target i 102TWh ( Energy Production ) / 33GW ( Installed Capacity ) i Offshore air current farms ( Capacity Factor = 35 % ) Demand Forecast & A ; Total Installed Capacity The entire electricity demand to put up the mark is forecasted to make 450TWh in 2025 by utilizing the same premise used for the Public Interest Research Centre prognosis by 2050. [ 1 ] Based on the new authorities policy, 75 % of electricity energy demand at 338TWH would be provided by renewable energy beginnings. ER will supply 30 % of the mark through the offshore air current farms development which would hold entire installed capacity of 33GW by 2025. The inside informations are described in Annex-1. Why Offshore Wind Farms? ER chose to intensively concentrate on offshore air current farms development, given higher prospective potency, higher capacity and higher cost decrease outlook of offshore air current engineering. In add-on, higher mean air current velocity, lower turbulency every bit good as less restraint on turn uping the site finally increases the deployment of offshore air current farms in the long footings when compared to onshore air current farms options. [ 1 ] Despite higher capital costs of the offshore air current farms undertaking, higher capacity factors can countervail this to some extent. [ 4 ] Additionally, the analysis in Renewable Energy Roadmap 2020, shows that cost of offshore wind engineering can be significantly reduced compared with other renewable engineerings by developing supply ironss and advanced engineerings. [ 2 ] Capacity Factor The capacity factor varies depending on the mean average air current velocity of geographical location and air current turbine features [ 4, 5 ] but sing future engineering development and operational experience accretion, the capacity factor of 35 % which was assumed in Renewables Advisory Board ‘s 2020 Vision was applied. [ 1 ] 3. Action Plan by 2025 The action program for 2025 was divided into two stages. This action was chosen in order to ease the accomplishment of the new mark in 2025. During the first stage ( 2013 to 2020 ) ER plans to take part and put in developing some of the offshore air current farm undertakings under Round 2 Extension, Round 3 Program and Scottish Territorial Waters Program of The Crown Estate. [ 6 ] This attack non merely leads to finishing the assorted undertakings on clip as planned, but it is besides expected to excite other seaward undertakings in the long term through continuously developing the advanced engineerings needed to cut down undertaking costs. Furthermore, based on undertaking experiences of the first stage, during the 2nd stage ( 2015 to 2020 ) ER will rush up developing new undertakings with larger capacity that can enable us to accomplish the concluding end in 2025. i 1st Phase ( 2013 ~ 2020 ) i Action Plan: Accelerate the planned offshore air current farms undertakings and develop advanced engineering to cut down the undertaking cost i Total Target Capacity: 14GW i Site: Entire 13 sites i Total Seabed Area: 3,986km2 [ 6 ] i 2nd Phase ( 2015 ~ 2025 ) i Action Plan: Develop the big graduated table offshore air current farms to accomplish the mark in 2025 i Total Target Capacity: 19GW i Site: Feasible sites among the Crown Estate Round 3 Zones ( determined by site study ) i Total Estimated Seabed Area: 1,691 ~ 3,193km2 Entire Seabed Area The entire seabed country required for both the 1st stage and 2nd stage of the program is estimated at 7,179 km2 which is about a ten percent of the size of Scotland. Harmonizing to the Crown Estate, entire seabed country of the 1st stage of the program is about 3,986km2. [ 6 ] On the other manus, entire undertaking country of the 2nd stage of the program varies depending on different air current turbine array. Given 5D by 10D turbine array [ 8 ] with a turbine rotor diameter of 164m [ 14 ] , the estimated site country for the 2nd stage is 3,193km2. However, based on the optimum air current turbine array examined by Christie [ 9 ] , the entire country for 2nd stage can be reduced to 1,691km2. The elaborate execution agenda and appraisal of the needed seabed country are described in the Annex-2. 4. Necessary Financial Support and Investment of Public Money [ 2 ] Due to the higher capacity factor and high prospective potency in UK, offshore wind engineering is expected to be the individual biggest part to renewable energy coevals for energy security and decarbonisation in the hereafter. [ 1, 3 ] However, sing that offshore air current engineerings are at the beginning of the commercial deployment phase, the current capital cost remains about twice expensive than cost of onshore air current engineerings. [ 4 ] Therefore, the uninterrupted authorities fiscal support and investing are important for the successful execution of our action program. The necessary supports chiefly include fiscal support to cut down undertaking cost and to minimise investing hazard. Furthermore, the authorities investing in seaward air current farm undertakings and grid betterment undertakings is necessary to accomplish the ER mark in 2025. i Financial support to cut down cost of offshore air current engineerings i Supporting R & A ; D and Testing Facilities to develop cost effectual engineerings ( i.e. EMEC ) i Developing supply concatenation of the equipment and building ( i.e. National Renewables Infrastructure Fund ) i Financial support to minimise investing hazard i Supplying a stable and long term fiscal support mechanism to procure fundss for the offshore air current development ( i.e. ROCs, New Electricity Market Support Mechanism ) [ 18 ] i Direct investing from public fund i Taking an active function of the authorities in direct funding sing the ample needed loaning ( i.e. Green Investment Bank Fund ) i Supplying advanced funding mechanisms to fit the long term hazard and wages profile of renewable energy investings ( i.e. Green Energy Bonds/Green Energy ISAs ) i Investment on onshore grid betterment i Ensuring timely investing on the onshore transmittal web to present power generated from offshore air current farms 5. Grid Interconnection as Measures for Energy Supply Reliability As the intermittent nature of air current resources consequences in undependable energy supply, in general back up coevals installations and energy storage systems are required to utilize air current energy as the base burden electricity coevals system. [ 10 ] In add-on to the conventional steps ER will procure the dependable electricity supply by developing grid interconnectedness undertakings in North Sea. The supergrid such as grid interconnectedness with European Continent can be one of the solutions to equilibrate a variable and unpredictable coevals end product from offshore air current. [ 16 ] Harmonizing to NorthConnect [ 11 ] the planned grid connexion between Scotland and Norway is expected to heighten the electricity supply as the high incursion of air current coevals in the UK and Hydro coevals in Norway complements each other. The proposed supergrid in the North Sea will enable to associate the UK grid to renewable coevals dominant states such as Norway, Denmark and Germany with a entire transmittal capacity of 26GW. [ 2, 12, 15 ] Therefore, the electricity trading through the supergrid will assist non merely to better the electricity supply dependability but besides to accomplish the authorities renewable development mark in 2025. 6. Decision A assortment of researches province that the UK has the abundant seaward resources along with its coastline and in peculiar offshore air current resources with the entire practical potency capacity of 116GW. [ 1 ] Despite huge potency, it seems clear that there presently exist several drawbacks of offshore wind engineerings such as high capital cost, proficient restraint and intermittence nature. However, ER is convinced that our strong vision and believable action program on offshore air current farms will lend to accomplishing the authorities ‘s renewable energy development mark in 2025. Furthermore, the uninterrupted coaction with authorities, makers and developers will excite offshore wind farm development and contribute to maximising the value of the abundant offshore air current resource in the UK. aˆ?

Airbus Case Summary - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 978 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2017/09/26 Category Technology Essay Type Analytical essay Tags: Budget Essay Did you like this example? In the Airbus case we are faced with a capital budgeting decision. It is the planning process used to determine whether a firms long term investments such as new machinery, replacement machinery, new plants, new products, and research development projects are worth pursuing. It is budget for major capital, or investment, expenditures. Capital budgeting decisions are crucial to a firms success for several reasons. First, capital expenditures typically require large outlays of funds. Second, firms must ascertain the best way to raise and repay these funds. Third, most capital budgeting decisions require a long-term commitment. Finally, the timing of capital budgeting decisions is important. When large amounts of funds are raised, firms must pay close attention to the financial markets because the cost of capital is directly related to the current interest rate. In the case of Airbus the company is facing the decision of developing the world’s largest commercial jet in order to compete on the very large aircraft market with Boeing 747. In order to calculate whether the investment is worth taking, a discounted cash flow analysis is used. How many aircraft does Airbus need to sell in order to break even on its investment? After making some assumption and calculation of the Net Present Value, Airbus would need to sell about 45 aircrafts in order to break even. (Please see excel file). If the Net present value is negative, then the investment is not worth taking and the project is not able to cover its investment. When the NPV is equal to zero, it is the point at which the project will beak-even. If the NPV is positive, the project is worth taking and it is able to cover all the investment costs and make a profit. What is Airbus’ maximum exposure in taking on the A3XX project? Undertaking this project has very high risk, since the investment made by the company is very high. The maximum exposure that the company is taking on the project is to loose all the investments made up to now, which is approximately $13 billion. This may lead to jeopardizing the future of the company and even bankruptcy. Other problems that they might face are during the manufacturing process, they may have difficulty keeping up with the deadlines and thus this may lead to penalty fees for late deliveries of aircrafts. This may cause a reduction in orders and customers turning to the competitors. Since there are significant risks involved in the situation, discuss at least 5 risk mitigation strategies that Airbus could undertake? Developing the world’s largest commercial jet may face significant risks, and for this reason Airbus should undertake mitigation strategies to cope with the risks. Some of those risks include: if Airbus is not being able to meet manufacturing deadlines, low demand for the aircrafts due to high prices and problems with suppliers. What can Airbus do, well they could impose strict regulations on controlling t he manufacturing process. Airbus could make some discount for advance orders in order to stimulate demand. Establishment of good relationships with suppliers by trying to negotiate long-term contracts on prices and delivery. How do you expect Boeing to respond to a decision by Airbus to proceed with its decision to build the A3XX? It is very unlikely that Boeing will invest in the development of a competing aircraft since this decision is related to huge investments. If Boeing wanted to make this investment they would not have withdrawn from the project in 1995, when Airbus and Boeing were working together on a feasibility study for the plane. It is possible that Boeing might take a decision to cut its prices on the Boeing 747 and compete with its existing plane, while for Airbus would be difficult to compete with the low prices since they have other cost to cover such as development, marketing, etc. This strategy may divert sales from the A3XX. Ignoring the threat from the ne w Airbus aircraft would be also a possible solution for Boeing since they have the power to compete with its existing planes and they can concentrate on the production of its existing product line. The development of a stretch version of the 747, was also a solution for Boeing, which is what they actually did. Boeing 747 got an efficient make over to challenge A3XX. The new 747-8 may look like just another 747, but in addition to the new engines and swept wings, the new airplane is stretched more than 18 feet, increasing the volume by 16 percent. With the extra size and most importantly, extra efficiency Boeing may attract customers away from the Airbus A3XX. But with a first flight still ahead of them, Boeing has some catching up to do. In an effort to bring down those seat per-mile costs, and offer the maximum number of routes for the airlines, Boeing opted not to challenge the Airbus A3XX directly with a new super jumbo. Instead, the company opted for the smaller, point-to- point efficiency with the 787 Dreamliner. But the company didn’t want to give away the jumbo jet crown without a fight. So instead of developing an all-new airplane to compete in the relatively small jumbo jet market, the company decided to give the iconic 747 a makeover. The new 747-8 is a stretched version of the most recent 747 model, the -400. The extra space can accommodate 51 more seats than the -400. Though even with the new room, the new Boeing airplane still won’t be able to carry as many passengers as the A3XX. So the A3XX will remain the king of the jumbos for the foreseeable future. It will be the biggest airliner, carrying the most passengers of any airplane in the world. But when the new 747-8 lifts off the runway sometime soon, it might just demonstrate that you don’t have to be the biggest to win the fight. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Airbus Case Summary" essay for you Create order

Why Teen Girls Drop Out Of School - 1171 Words

â€Å"In 2013, there were 26.6 births for every 1,000 adolescent females ages 15-19, or 274,641 babies born to females in this age group† (Hamilton, 2013, para. 1). In Guernsey county, there was a rate of 29.4 live births for every 1,000 teenagers between the ages of 15-19. This is a problem because becoming a teenage parent is a very difficult task to endure. A girl, between the ages of 15-19 still has a lot left to do in her life before she begins to think about having a family of her own. Most girls between these ages don’t think about the consequences or how their lives would change; while some girls think it’s a way to get their boyfriend to stick around, and it’s not. Becoming pregnant won’t make a man stay; if he wants to leave, he will.†¦show more content†¦7). â€Å"For many years abstinence has been viewed as a decision based upon a religious or moral belief (Salinas, 2005, para. 2). For example, Christians believe that it is a s in to have sexual intercourse with someone before marriage. You don’t have to be a virgin to practice abstinence (Gavin, 2013, para. 3). A person can decide to better themselves by choosing to become abstinent to prevent becoming pregnant and sexually transmitted diseases. Abstinence prevents pregnancies but it also prevents the passing and receiving of STD’s. Sexually transmitted diseases can spread through oral-genital sex, anal sex, or even intimate skin-to-skin contact without actual penetration, so avoiding all types of intimate genital contact is complete abstinence (Gavin, 2013, para. 5). Many teens don’t want to be abstinent, so getting your daughter on birth control, or convincing your son to use a condom also can help prevent these unintended pregnancies. There are many types of birth control; including the Depo Provera shot, the pill, NuvaRing, the rod, and condoms. The Depo shot is a shot that a female would get approximately every three months (or every thirteen weeks) and is more than ninety-nine percent effective.The shot contains a hormone that prevents the ovaries from releasing eggs, and it also thickens cervical mucus, which

powmac Macbeth’s Obsession with Power Essay - 991 Words

Macbeths Obsession with Power Ill fight till from my bones my flesh be hacked. (Act 5, Scene 3). Phrases as forceful as Macbeths quote are not common day language, in fact, it is used except in times of intense emotion. Although the diction of Macbeths words are from the Elizabethan Age, its message rings true and clear. Macbeth clearly will oppose anything standing in the way of his passion. Critics often debate over the what tragic flaw of Macbeth lead to his downfall. Was it ambition or Lady Macbeths influence? Hardly so. It was an obsession of power that Macbeth desired so much that led to his compulsive fixation and preoccupation of obtaining his desire by any and all means necessary. Thus, he inevitably†¦show more content†¦This is the beginning of his obsession for power. At this point he loses touch with reality and what life is truly about. He cannot say, Lady Mac made me do it. It was she who forced me. (Didnt Adam blame Eve and Eve blame the serpent. It didnt fool God, so Macbeth should not fool anyone). Macbeth chooses by his own free will to pursue his obsession and let it control him, rather than controlling it. This preoccupation of mind of Macbeth is clearly seen as the play develops. We see that this obsession to power is accomplished by Macbeth by any means necessary. Sacrifice any and all if necessary would be a good portrayal of his state of mind. He kills to cover up his earlier murder victims. He has let this fixation take him on a one-way path, a path of no return. It is exactly the same as lying. The problem with a lie is that one must lie to make the first lie believable. The more one lies, the more they become convicted to not coming clean. This is exactly what happens to Macbeth. He kills to cover up his first murder. The death of each days life...Give me the daggers...This my hand will rather the multitudinous seas incarnadine. (Act 2, Scene 2). He commits himself deeper into this passion of gaining power and status. This inevitably leads up to his downfall. As the play progresses, Macbeth loses his support and followers. Everybody has found out what he has done just